Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford synonyms, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford pronunciation, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford translation, English dictionary definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Information from its description page there is shown below. Posted on September 14, 2014 by JuliaH. Original file (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. After his release, Arthur persuaded his brother Duke John of Brittany to sign a peace treaty with England, but when the English denied Arthur his patrimony, the Earldom of Richmond, he reverted to the French cause and proceeded to undermine the English war strategy by arranging the Treaty of Arras whereby Burgundy changed sides. Learn how your comment data is processed. Each of the brothers wanted more power than the other. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. He was given several important commands and also played a larger part in the day to day governing of England, even passing the death sentence on the Lollard rebel John Oldcastle. 3 p. 842. preface lxiv. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Brandon managed a spectacular career from modest beginnings. The Oxford Companion to British History. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford - definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford by The Free Dictionary John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. Reprint Paris: Editions du Palais Royal, 1967-1968), FHL book 944 D5a; FHL microfilms 532,231-532,239., vol. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. The king renewed the Hundred Years War with France in 1415 and Bedford played a large part in the proceedings in support of his brother. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 14221432[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France.[3]. Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. - John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Artist unknown. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage. He was born in 1389. Son of Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun, Countess of Derby Jean de Brosse, Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. 3 p. 726. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. [S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. She was burned for witchcraft in 1431 the French king who owed her his crown didnt lift a finger to help her. John had his young nephew crowned King of France in Paris so that for a little while at least there were technically two kings of France at the same time, though it rather depended where you were as to which one you recognised in public. Johns first wife Anne of Burgundy gave the book to young Henry VI for Christmas in 1430 (I wonder how the grandchildren would react to a beautifully hand painted devotional text rather than the usual jigsaws, board games and selected Disney dvds). Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of (1389-1435). The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. (Henry IVs parents were John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford). In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. However, the date of retrieval is often important. When John of Lancaster 1st Duke of Bedford was born on 20 June 1389, in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England, his father, Henry IV, was 22 and his mother, Mary de Bohun, was 21. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Her name was Joan of Arc. pp. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). As Regent of France, Bedford had the huge responsibility of not only keeping and maintaining the territories that his brother had conquered, but expanding English interests in France. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. "The Tomb of Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, in the Muse du Louvre". He was brought up in highly eloquent fashion like his other brothers and was well educated. (January 16, 2023). Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. In the Bedford Book of Hours [5] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! 11 T 26. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Biography. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful King but for the baby Henry VI. The title of duke, derived from the latin dux, is the highest in the peerage and until 1448 was restricted to members of the royal family. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. He had no legitimate surviving issue. Advertizing Wikipedia ; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford He married Anne of Burgundy (1404-1432) 1423 JL in Amiens. 2 p. 514, vol. Although Bedford was able to maintain his brother's achievements in France for several years after his death, the situation was becoming impossible to maintain. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. [S443] #2051 Memorials of the Family of Scott of Scot's-hall in the County of Kent, Scott, James Renat, (2 volumes. edit descriptions of this character John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Duke of Bedford. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. 1726. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. Contents 1 Life account 2 In literature 3 Titles, styles, honours and arms 3.1 Arms 4 Ancestry 5 References Between 1403 and 1405 grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. By the late 1420's, however, the French, under the guidance of the new King Charles VII and a young girl named Joan of Arc, began to fight back furiously. Throughout the next several years, the English, under Bedford's command, made significant gains in conquering the remainder of France. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. In any event it didnt do Joan much good. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. As a mere girl she shouldnt have been wearing trousers and she certainly shouldnt have been leading French armies that thrashed English armies. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. . Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file. Stratford, Jenny. He was able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he was in decline. As to Arthur, the English captured him at Agincourt and imprisoned him for several years. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. 16 Jan. 2023 . . Error rating book. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Unfortunately, he was left with such an impossible situation to deal with in France, but dealt with it to the best of his abilities. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. He had no legitimate surviving issue.[5]. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . Humphrey Gloucester, duke of, 13911447, English nobleman; youngest son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. When John's eldest brother Henry was crowned as Henry V in 1413, John was given a number of important responsibilities and was awarded several titles, most importantly, the Duchy of Bedford. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. Select from premium John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford of the highest quality. 2 p. 83, vol. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. Yolande of Aragon (11 August 1384 14 November 1442) was Queen of Aragon and Naples, Duchess of Anjou and Countess of Provence. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Born in the Zaragoza in Spain, she was a much sought after heiress and her daughter Marie was Queen to King Charles VII the Victorious of France, whom Yolande had protected from the Burgundians and his own mother, Queen Isabeau. Only loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of a paupers grave. It was not until 1422, upon the premature death of the king, that Bedford became a true political colossus within both England and France. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. On 28 July 1488, Jacquettas 12th child and 6th son, Sir Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, led the vanguard of the Breton army of Duke Francis II at the disastrous Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier against a French army equipped with massed cannons. In June 1433, Jean died penniless and in debt. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Historically, John was only fourteen at the time of the battle, but, considering that boys were put into battle at relatively young ages, it is possible that he may have at least been on the battlefield. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20 [S2] Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 79. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. Today, a plaque marks its former location. In 1399, his father deposed King Richard II and crowned himself as King Henry IV. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. 2. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Relevance. Bedford, of course, was held responsible by many of his peers for the losses in France. Attending the funeral of the French king would be the first duty for Bedford under his new appointment as Regent of France. While he was in France his duties in . 2 p. 63-64. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Elizabeth Woodville suggested amendments to one of Anthonys books and may have also been a patron of Caxtons. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted . The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 12. In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. Welcome back. Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Johns second wife was the seventeen year old Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Peter I, Count of Saint-Pol. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. 146 relations. When the French King was unable to raise an army, Jean spent his wealth to raise one for him. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, was born 20 June 1389 to Henry IV of England (1367-1413) and Mary de Bohun (c1368-1394) and died 14 September 1435 Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France of unspecified causes. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. A son of Sir William Brandon, standar, duke. Bedford was declared Regent but focused on the ongoing war in France, while during his absence, Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England. [S23] #849 Burke's Guide to the Royal Family (1973), (London: Burke's Peerage, c1973), FHl book 942 D22bgr., p. 202. Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. 1 p. 240, vol. ." The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. 16567. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. Bedford's coat of arms in a manuscript containing the Livre Charny of Geoffroi de Charny and owned by the duke of Bedford (Bibliothque nationale de France, Ms Fr. Encyclopedia.com. 1885-1900. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. He was born in 1389. . In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. However it fell to John to continue the English campaign in France despite the fact that he had been named Regent. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. After Anne's death in childbirth in 1432, he married Jacquetta of Luxembourg. He founded the University of Caen and had a collection of important religious manuscripts, many of which survive today including The Bedford Hours which is held by the British Library. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. The Lady of the Rivers (The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels, #1), My Lord of Bedford, 1389 - 1435: Being the Life of John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford, Brother of Henry V and Regent of France, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Sir Richard Vernon, 8th Baron of Shipbrook, Richard le Scrope, Bishop of Lichfield and Archbishop of York, Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Vernon of the Yorkist (White Rose) Faction, Basset of the Lancastrian (Red Rose) faction, General of the French Garrison at Bordeaux. Henry V had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, pages 70,72. John (given name) 1389 births 1435 deaths Knights of the Garter House of Lancaster Dukes of Bedford People of the Hundred Years' War Deaths in Rouen Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox Uses of Wikidata Infobox with no family name Uses of Wikidata Infobox with unknown country category Men by name People by name Deceased people by name Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. Johns died at Rouen in 1435 during negations with the Burgundians who were breaking their alliance with the English to make a separate peace with the French. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Contents 1 Life account 2 Family 3 Succession 4 In literature 5 Titles, styles, honours and arms 5.1 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, 6. Bedford then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI in Paris. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. 11 p. 834. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 138914 September 1435), was a medieval English nobleman, soldier, and statesman. She caused a scandal after Johns death by marrying a mere knight called Richard Woodville. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Yolande taught Margaret etiquette, literature and accounting: had she married a sane king, Margaret would have been a great asset to England. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. In 2 Henry IV he is portrayed in a negative light when he dupes the Archbishop and Earl Marshal into dismissing their army, before arresting them for treason. [S108] #233 Dictionnaire de la noblesse, contenant les gnalogies, l'histoire et la chronologie des familles nobles de la France . The Oxford Companion to British History. 17294), which were both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 1420-23, which is English (BL Ms Add 42131). Throughout his life he identified himself with his brother's policies, especially in pursuing English claims to the French throne. Bedford appears as a man who is completely loyal to his brother in Henry V and is a main figure in the government of his nephew Henry VI. Marburg: J.A. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. Death of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford at R Burial of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. His wife died that year and, although he remarried the following year, he was clearly losing control of the situation in France. Joan of Arc was heavily supported by Yolande of Aragon and Arthur of Brittany, neither of whom receives the credit they deserve. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. [S14] #236 Encyclopdie gnalogique des maisons souveraines du monde (1959-1966), Sirjean, Gaston, (Paris: Gaston Sirjean, 1959-1966), FHL book 944 D5se., vol. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. Religion Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. 16567. His mother died when he was just five. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. In reality, it was the Earl of Westmorland who talked down the rebels. Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of, 1389-1435, English nobleman; third son of Henry IV of England and brother of Henry V. At the death (1422) of his brother and succession of his 9-month-old nephew, Henry VI, Bedford was designated as regent of France and protector of England. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford Born: June 20, 1389 Died: September 14, 1435 Rouen, France (Age 46) John in History John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. John died during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. In the Bedford Book of Hours [7] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. He was born in 1389. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. 1435 . 1389-1435. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. John de Teye Via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Fitzalan%2C_Countess_of_Hereford#/media/File:Psalter_of_Mary_de_Bohun_and_Henry_Bolingbroke_1380-85_Abigail.jpg Public Domain, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Although Queen Isabeau agreed to cede the throne of France to Henry VI, Yolande, perceiving the threat posed to Anjou by the growing power of Burgundy, took the dissenting French court and the young Charles to the safety of Provence. Today, a plaque marks its former location. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999), FHL book 973 D2fp., p. 205 LANCASTER:10.iv. The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. [S98] #18 Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europischen Staaten (1953-1978), Isenburg, Wilhelm Karl , Prinz von and Frank Baron von Freytag-Loringhoven, (5 volumes. Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway, Birth of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. . John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. Family History Department. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). 1 pt. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (miniature from Bedford Hours) Born 20 June 1389 Died 14 September 1435 (aged 46) Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen: Burial Rouen Cathedral, Normandy: Spouse Anne of Burgundy m. 1423; dec. 1432 Jacquetta of Luxembourg m. 1433; wid. Paris: Schlessinger frres, 1863-1877), FHL microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834. The Plantagenet family were moving ever closer to implosion. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[4]. When Joan of Arc was captured by the English, Jean sold all his family silver to raise another army and seized the town where Joan was held. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. andrew bain judge, sam kellerman death scene, snickers pudding shots, tony battie wife, michael boone gospel singer age, northcoastkeyless com programming, will mellor brookside, west ham past and present fifa 22, the phrase behavioral expressions of distress refers to quizlet, pet hippo jessica kills owner, cuneiform activity 6th grade, sophia principles of management quizlet, discuss the importance of diorama in teaching learning process, saint john telegraph journal obituaries, secret princes where are they now 2021,