The new wage applied to all sectors and allowed an earner to reach or exceed the poverty line. 4 The authorities failed to properly safeguard the evidence collected, examine all lines of investigation and correctly apply a gender perspective. There were no reports of political prisoners or detainees. This requirement was not followed in all cases, particularly in remote areas of the country. In July the Sonora State Prosecutor Generals Office detained Rojos alleged killer. The pandemic severely impacted the economy, resulting in a significant increase in the number of children engaging in child labor. Gomez had advocated against illegal logging and the destruction of the Michoacan monarch butterfly habitat. Reconsider travel to Costa Rica due to COVID-19.Exercise increased caution in Costa Rica due to crime.. Read the Department of State's COVID-19 page before you plan any international travel.. Mexico Rates of crime rapidly began to increase during the presidency of Hugo Chvez due . The 10 most dangerous cities in the world mapped. The government investigated and prosecuted some of these crimes, but the vast majority remained uninvestigated and unprosecuted. Figueroa collaborated with criminal organizations to kidnap the prosecutor general of Ixtapan de la Sal, state of Mexico, and others in 2019, resulting in the death of one of the prosecutor generals bodyguards. As a result, it was left to families to . osac crime and safety report honduras Posted on June 10, 2022 June 10, 2022 by Who Are The Booth Brothers Married To , Hallelujah Word Painting , Aceite En El Ombligo Para Adelgazar , Twinkl Crime And Punishment Display , Data Universe Public Employee Salaries , Digital Media Course Syllabus , Brian Alexander Prince Height , Three Death Signs . Read the entire Travel Advisory. Enrollment of children with disabilities decreased by 40 percent during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to Yo Tambien. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. This report details El Salvador's crime and safety reports. In July unknown assailants abducted and killed Aranza Ramos in the state of Sonora. In the state of Mexico, the state with the highest number of feminicides in 2021, there were serious flaws in the criminal investigations of these crimes. The CNDH maintained a human rights program to inform and assist members of indigenous communities. Organized criminal groups were implicated in numerous killings, acting with impunity and at times in collusion with corrupt federal, state, local, and security officials. Through a nationwide assessment process, the National Search Commission (CNB) revised the governments official number of missing or disappeared persons repeatedly as additional data became available. The CNDH may take on cases from state-level commissions if it receives a complaint that the state commission has not adequately investigated the case. Migrants were also recruited by criminal organizations to conduct illicit activities. The law criminalizes sharing, distributing, and publishing intimate sexual content (including photographs, audio, and videos) featuring individuals who have not explicitly given their consent, with penalties of up to six years in prison. Women, children, indigenous persons, persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ persons, and migrants (including men, women, and children) were the most vulnerable to forced labor (see section 7.c.). NGOs reported that acts of excessive use of force and arbitrary detention occurred against female protesters, especially those protesting gender-based violence. Mexico is a multiparty federal republic with an elected president and bicameral legislature. Before a strike may take place, a union must file a notice to strike with the appropriate CAB, or the appropriate labor court once they are operational. Black migrants reported migration authorities detained Black migrants for longer periods than other migrants. The most common aggressions were intimidation and harassment, followed by threats and physical attacks, according to civil society groups. The government, in conjunction with international organizations, made efforts to promote the safe, voluntary return, resettlement, or local integration of IDPs. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. The law prohibits minors from working in a broad list of hazardous and unhealthy occupations. The National Population Council reported that in 2020 there were 373,661 pregnancies in women younger than age 19 (30 percent above 2019), of which 8,876 were in girls ages 14 or younger. In 2019, OSAC gave Mexico a level 2 rating ,. Defendants may not be compelled to testify or confess guilt. Between January and June, the commission registered that 115,534 women received attention in Justice Centers for Women throughout the country, a 19 percent increase over the same period in 2020. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Section 1. Penalties for law violations regarding occupational safety and health regulations were commensurate with those for other similar laws but were rarely enforced. According to the Interior Secretariat, between 2018 and July assailants killed seven journalists and two defenders under protection of the mechanism. In addition to shelters, womens justice centers provided services including legal, psychological, and protective; however, the number of cases far surpassed institutional capacity. Nevertheless, only 2 percent of schoolteachers in the country were trained to teach children with disabilities, according to the civil society organization Yo Tambien. The government was reasonably effective in enforcing child labor laws in large and medium-sized companies, especially in the export-oriented factory (maquiladora) sector and other industries under federal jurisdiction. Of the 500 legislators in the Chamber of Deputies, 250 were women, 1 percent more than after the 2018 elections. According to data from the Mexican Social Security Institute, in 2020 there were approximately 278,000 workplace accidents, resulting in 666 deaths. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. 08/25/20 (written by aahrensvquez)-Justice in Mexico released its latest working paper "Organized Crime and Violence in Guanajuato" by Laura Y. Caldern on Thursday. The Prosecutor Generals Office owned a previous genetics database, which consisted of 63,000 profiles, and was responsible for the new database. The national emergency telephone number is 911. Approximately 23 percent of informal workers (6.8 million persons) were employed by formal businesses or organizations but paid in cash off the books to evade taxes and social security payments. In July an arrangement was reached on a course of remediation, which included a new collective bargaining agreement legitimization vote under the supervision of the STPS, with observers from the National Electoral Institute and the International Labor Organization. These written documents define minimum requirements, best practices, standard protocols and other guidance to help ensure that the results of forensic analysis are valid, reliable and reproducible. Libel/Slander Laws: There are no federal criminal laws against defamation, libel, or slander; however, eight states have criminal laws on these acts. Additionally, some indigenous students did not receive the breakfasts and lunches normally included in the full-time school meal program, according to a UNESCO study. Institutionalized persons with disabilities often lacked adequate medical care and rehabilitation services, privacy, and clothing; they often ate, slept, and bathed in unhygienic conditions. In April the STPS suspended a legitimization vote at the General Motors plant in Silao, Guanajuato, due to serious irregularities during the vote. requires a written warrant of arrest except in cases where an individual is caught in the act of committing a crime. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. In July the secretary of the navy publicly apologized to families of the victims, marking the first time the armed forces apologized for committing forced disappearances. The Prosecutor Generals Office also obtained an arrest warrant against Lozoyas mother for money laundering, and in 2019 Interpol agents arrested her in Germany. Organized criminal elements, including local and transnational gangs, and narcotics traffickers, were significant perpetrators of violent crimes and committed acts of homicide, torture, kidnapping, extortion, human trafficking, bribery, intimidation, and other threats, resulting in high levels of violence and exploitation, particularly targeting vulnerable groups. Arbitrary Arrest: Allegations of arbitrary detentions persisted throughout the year. With an estimated population of 639,052 inhabitants, Celaya is the third most populous city situated in the south-central part of the Mexican state of . Although authorities generally maintained effective control over the security forces, there were instances in which security force elements acted independently of civilian control. According to the NGO Christian Solidarity Worldwide, Catholic-majority communities sometimes discriminated, harassed, threatened, displaced, denied basic services, and destroyed the property of individuals who left Catholicism. According to labor rights NGOs, employers in all sectors sometimes used the illegal hours bank approach requiring long hours when the workload is heavy and cutting down hours when it is light to avoid compensating workers for overtime. The minimum age for hazardous work is 18, including all work in the agricultural sector. In May voting in prisons occurred for the first time in the countrys modern history after the Federal Electoral Tribunal ruled prisoners in pretrial detention had the right to vote. Of the 32 states, 24 criminalize sexual harassment, and all states have provisions for punishment when the perpetrator is in a position of power. The government did not restrict or disrupt access to the internet or block or filter online content. Honduras 2020 OSAC Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in. Although the constitution and law provide for an independent judiciary, court decisions were susceptible to improper influence by both private and public entities, particularly at the state and local level, as well as by transnational criminal organizations. There were reports the government did not always investigate and punish those complicit in abuses against LGBTQI+ persons, especially outside Mexico City. An additional February reform mandated pretrial detention for femicides, sexual violence against minors, forced disappearances, and corruption. Labor inspections focused on the formal sector, leaving informal workers with no labor law protection. The same tribunal rejected registration challenges from four other parties, including former president Felipe Calderons Free Mexico Party, which the INE argued did not produce sufficient evidence of the origin of some funding it received. Rape and Domestic Violence: Federal law criminalizes the rape of men and women, including spousal rape, and conviction carries penalties of up to 20 years' imprisonment. Twitter users posted threats against journalists. The reforms call for the creation of independent labor courts to replace the Conciliation and Arbitration Boards (CABs) that favored corporatist unions in the resolution of disputes and facilitated the registration of protection contracts. October 2021. As of August 27, the suspects were awaiting trial. For example, manufacturers commonly hired workers on one- to three-month contracts and then waited a period of days before rehiring them on new short-term contracts to avoid paying severance and to prevent workers from accruing seniority. It may exercise its power to call before the Senate government authorities who refuse to accept or enforce its recommendations. Disappearances remained a persistent problem throughout the country, especially in areas with high levels of cartel or gang-related violence. Informal workers lacked access to social protection mechanisms such as health care and retirement benefits. The law prohibits compulsory overtime. And while the media sensationalizes stories of violence in Mexico, Mexico is safer than many major U.S. cities.Visitors from around the world enjoy these vibrant cities in relative, reasonable safety. 03 / Select Countries You can add more than one country or area. Informal Sector: According to INEGI informal workers represented 56 percent of total workers in the country as of the second quarter of the year. The COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea-Bissau is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).The virus was confirmed to have reached Guinea-Bissau in March 2020.. Guinea-Bissau reported their first two cases of COVID-19 on March 24, 2020. As part of that process, the Federal Center published a new legitimization protocol to include a mechanism that allows for submission of complaints regarding alleged irregularities that may happen prior to, during, and after the vote. Penalties for violations of the law were commensurate with those for other similar laws. Discrimination: The law provides women the same legal status and rights as men and equal pay for equal work performed in equal jobs, hours of work, and conditions of efficiency. The law establishes penalties for discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, color, religion, language, pregnancy, political belief, or any other nature that violates human dignity. As of October the special unit had reissued arrest warrants for 11 of the 78 released detainees, including municipal police officers, but made no arrests. The government made efforts to prevent, investigate, and punish acts of disappearance involving government agents. This limited medias ability to investigate and report, since many of the reporters who were killed covered crime, corruption, and local politics. As of October the accused were in a military prison awaiting trial. The states with the most teenage pregnancies were Chiapas, Coahuila, and Guerrero, and Tabasco. Civil society groups reported families living in inhuman conditions, with inadequate and cramped housing, no access to clean water or bathrooms, insufficient food, and without medical care. Callers can report criminal activity from anywhere in Mexico or the U.S. Mexico is one of Latin America's most important security markets due to its size, leading industries, development, and total demand. A 2016 ruling by the Supreme Court removed the cap on fines for moral damages, leaving journalists vulnerable to exorbitant fines. osac mexico 2021 crime and safety report. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). At the federal level, the Secretariat of Social Development, Prosecutor Generals Office, and National System for Integral Family Development share responsibility for inspections to enforce child labor laws and to intervene in cases in which employers violate such laws. According to the Center for Economic Research and Teaching, most criminal suspects did not receive representation until after their first custody hearing, thus making individuals vulnerable to coercion to sign false statements prior to appearing before a judge. As a result the number of pretrial detainees increased 25 percent since 2018, and pretrial detainees comprised 40 percent of all prisoners, according to government figures. Federal law prohibits domestic violence and stipulates penalties for conviction of between six months and four years imprisonment. Communities and NGOs representing indigenous groups criticized the government for failing to consult indigenous communities adequately when making decisions regarding extractive industry and natural resource development projects on indigenous lands. On March 11, an anticorruption and antinepotism constitutional reform granted the Federal Judiciary Council the administrative organ of the federal court system more oversight over district and appeals courts and limited hiring authorities of individual judges. The law describes femicide as a gender-based murder under any of the following seven circumstances: signs of sexual violence, previous violence, emotional connection to the perpetrator, previous threats, harassment history, victim held incommunicado prior to deprivation of life, or victims body exposure in a public place. In January 2020 the government raised the minimum wage. San Luis Potos, SLP.- San Luis Potos is the second most dangerous city in the country, according to the National Victimization Survey on Public Safety (Envipe) 2021, carried out by INEGI. The government generally exempted accompanying adults from detention to preserve family unity. Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship both by birth within the countrys territory and from their parents. The report singled out Hidalgo, Nayarit, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tamaulipas as the states with the worst prison conditions. The federal government and states continued to implement the law on forced disappearances. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. Most National Guard personnel are seconded from the army and navy and have the option to return to their services after five years. with disabilities attended school at a lower rate than those without disabilities. Under the labor reform, to negotiate a collective bargaining agreement, the union must first obtain a certificate of representativeness from the Federal Center demonstrating it has support from at least 30 percent of workers to be covered by the agreement. Police occasionally failed to provide impoverished detainees access to counsel during arrests and investigations as provided for by law, although the right to public defense during trial was generally respected. 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: El Salvador Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor . Bail is available for most crimes, except for those involving organized crime and a limited number of other offenses. On October 1, a judge sentenced Fidel Figueroa, mayor of Zacualpan, state of Mexico, to 236 years in prison for murder. A Mexico City municipal law provides increased penalties for hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Day laborers and their children were the primary victims of forced and child labor in the agricultural sector, particularly in the production of chili peppers and tomatoes. In July 2020 he was arrested in another country pursuant to a Mexican extradition request on charges that he diverted millions of dollars in public funds. lion fight muay thai salary. Forced internal displacement disproportionally affected indigenous communities. Authorities generally apprehended persons with warrants based on evidence and issued by a judge, although this was . Signup for our newsletter to get notified about sales and new products. Women tended to earn substantially less than men did for the same work. Federal law prohibits arbitrary arrest and detention and provides for the right of any person to challenge the lawfulness of his or her arrest or detention in court; however, the government sometimes failed to observe these requirements. Hundreds of thousands of workers continued to work in foreign-owned factories, mainly in northern border states, producing electronics, medical equipment, and auto parts. Discrimination in employment or occupation occurred against women, indigenous groups, persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ individuals, and migrant workers. The midterms marked a large increase in female candidates. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. There was a lack of comprehensive data on internally displaced persons (IDPs). This represented an increase of 11 percent of children from the 2017 INEGI survey. As of August 23, Marin was awaiting trial. The STPS certification of the new election set November 3 as the date for termination of the existing agreement, thus establishing that representation rights would be determined under the new labor reform rules and institutions. In July 2020 the CNB launched a public version of the National Registry of Disappeared and Missing Persons. The CABs operate under a tripartite system with government, worker, and employer representatives, with worker representation on the CABs selected based on majority representation, which was held by entrenched nondemocratic unions that sign protection contracts with complicit employers to secure low wages. Corruption: There were numerous reports of government corruption during the year. On July 21, Merida, Yucatan, municipal police detained Jose Eduardo Ravelo Echeverria. Venezuela 2020 Crime & Safety Report This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office for the U.S. Embassy in Caracas. Municipal candidates and challengers seeking to oust incumbents were the most common victims of political violence, with victims spread across the political spectrum. Reforms to the Prosecutor Generals Office split the Office for Combating Violence Against Women and the Trafficking in Persons offices in an effort to elevate these issues by giving each its own special prosecutor general. In February authorities arrested 12 state police officers in Camargo, Tamaulipas, on homicide charges in connection with the massacre and burning of the bodies of three smugglers and 16 Guatemalan migrants en route to the United States. The report noted 40 state prisons experienced overcrowding. Enforcement, however, was inconsistent across the states. The government did not effectively enforce the law or regulations. According to civil society, libel and defamation proceedings tripled from 11 cases in 2019 to 33 cases in 2020. Journalists who asked difficult questions of government officials during press engagements received attacks via Twitter. Most internal affairs units, however, were insufficiently staffed and funded. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). Some employers attempted to influence bargaining-rights elections through the illegal hiring of temporary or fake employees immediately prior to the election to vote for the company-controlled union. Some civil society groups, however, asserted that state commissions were subservient to the state executive branch. Office of the U.S. The government had minimal presence in the ownership of news media but remained a significant source of advertising revenue for many media organizations, which at times influenced coverage. Ramos had been searching for her missing husband for the previous seven months as a member of two search collectives. Calls included reports of relationship aggression, sexual assault, sexual harassment, rape, and intrafamily violence. The law provides for eight paid public holidays and one week of paid annual leave after completing one year of work. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum marriage age is 18. Yet, the 2022 outlook for both the rule of law and public safety in Mexico and meaningful U.S.-Mexico security cooperation remains bleak. Between August 23 and August 27, hundreds of migrants from Haiti, Cuba, and Central America protested in front of the National Migration Institute offices in Tapachula, Chiapas, to demand expedited refugee proceedings that would allow them to move freely throughout the country. Minors were recruited or forced by cartels to traffic persons, drugs, or other goods across the border with the United States. Underage children in urban areas earned money by begging, washing windshields, selling small items, or performing in public places. Authorities arrested Mario Reyes and Gladis Cruz in connection with the killing. Spousal rape is criminalized in 26 of the 32 states. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. In response to a 2020 civil society organization lawsuit, a Mexico City court ruled authorities must implement COVID-19 detection and preventive health protocols for detainees and their families in prisons in Mexico City and psychiatric wards nationwide. Some detainees complained of a lack of access to family members and to counsel after police held persons incommunicado for several days and made arrests arbitrarily without a warrant. Civil society and families of the disappeared stated the governments actions to prevent and respond to disappearances were largely inadequate to address the scale of the problem. In August Baja California and Yucatan passed laws banning LGBTQI+ conversion therapy. In August the Mexico City congress approved a reform allowing LGBTQI+ children ages 12 years and older to legally change their gender on their birth certificate. The constitution prohibits discrimination based on ethnicity, and a federal law prohibits all forms of discrimination. Impunity for torture was prevalent among the security forces. If the relevant authority accepts a CNDH recommendation, the CNDH is required to follow up with the authority to verify that it is carrying out the recommendation. Although the law requires entities recruiting for overseas employment to register with the STPS, there is no enforcement mechanism, and only a handful of recruiters complied. Country Summary: Violent crime - such as homicide, kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery - is widespread and common in Mexico. Citizens have access to an independent judiciary in civil matters to seek civil remedies for human rights abuses. While on average informal workers earned less than the minimum wage, in some areas, such as near the northern border, informal employment could pay more than formal employment in the manufacturing sector. There were 46 female candidates for governor; from 2012 to 2018, there cumulatively only 42. As of July 13, a total of 3,501 prisoners had contracted COVID-19 and 75,162 had received vaccines, according to the CNDH. The CNB reported that during that period, of the 3,025 bodies exhumed, authorities identified 1,153 and returned 822 to their families. According to the U.N., the murder rate is 4.6 per 100,000 people, which is one of the lowest in the Caribbean and South America. According to civil society organizations, up to 3,250 persons, mostly women and children from indigenous communities, were forcibly displaced in July in Chenalho and Pantelho, Chiapas, due to territorial disputes between armed groups. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. Be mindful of Cuban laws and regulations during your stay. The government cooperated with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and other humanitarian organizations in providing protection and assistance to refugees, returning refugees, or asylum seekers, as well as other persons of concern. There were several reports that government entities or their agents committed arbitrary or unlawful killings, often with impunity. Lopez had filed a complaint with the Interior Secretariat asking for greater government intervention in the indigenous Tsotsil regions following increased drug trafficking-related violence. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. Investigations, prosecutions, and convictions for the crime of forced disappearance were rare. In July 2020 the Supreme Court agreed to analyze the case but as of August 23 had not issued a ruling. Discrimination and Societal Abuses, Systemic Racial or Ethnic Violence and Discrimination, Acts of Violence, Criminalization, and Other Abuses Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Other Societal Violence or Discrimination, a. As a result he was forced to urinate and defecate in his bed, according to Human Rights Watch. Nationwide the CNB reported the exhumation of the remains of at least 3,025 persons in 1,749 clandestine graves between December 1, 2018, and June 30. You can add more than one country or area. NGOs reported authorities had not implemented programs for community integration. Defendants have the right to a presumption of innocence and to a fair and public trial without undue delay. Reports indicated that women suffered disproportionately from pretrial detention. Between January and June, state authorities opened 129,020 new domestic violence investigations. Country Summary: Violent crime such as extortion, murder, armed robbery, carjacking . Many women working in the industry reported suffering some form of abuse. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. Federal and state databases were incomplete and had data-crossing problems; forensic systems were highly fragmented between the local, state, and federal levels; and the sheer volume of unsolved cases was far greater than the forensic systems were capable of handling. Penalties for law violations regarding hours and minimum wage were commensurate with those for other similar laws but were rarely enforced. On October 7, the army relieved Colonel Miguel Angel Ramirez Canchola, accused of ordering the killings, of his posting, but as of October prosecutors had not taken action against the soldiers. Politicians publicly discredited and criticized such journalists, however. 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