James Venable, Polk's Regiment of Light Dragoons (SC State Troops) detachment Continental Army led by Brigadier General Jethro Sumner (NC) Marion, Pickens, Lee, and lieutenant-colonels William Washington, Lee's cavalry were led by Major Joseph Egleston and his infantry by Captain Rudolph. - Capt. of one (1) known company, led by: - 2nd Troop - Capt. Thomas Evans to its place at Eutaw Springs. On May 22, 1781, Greene laid siege to the fortified village. At the north-east corner of the camp was a strong brick house defended by a British battalion commanded by Major John Majoribanks. British losses were 85 killed, 351 wounded, and 275 missing (678 total), taken from Stewart's report. SC 2nd Brigade of Militia/State Troops led by Brigadier General [16] His rear was apparently under constant fire at least until meeting with reinforcements near Moncks Corner. Joseph Hill - Capt. James Giles (wounded) The claim of several historians that the British won the battle is challenged by Christine Swager in her book The Valiant Died: The Battle of Eutaw Springs September 8, 1781. The engagement was one of the final battles in South Carolina. was won, the hungry and thirsty Patriots began plundering the John Rogers The British casualty return stated the loss as 85 killed, 351 wounded and 257 missing. Upcoming Events. Thomas Starke, Fairfield Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment led by Col. threatened by oppression; so, little difference was felt among - Bombardiers - 6 Thomas Brandon, with five (5) known companies, led by: Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Casualties were extremely high. They were opposed by the British Line consisting of, left to right, Coffin, 64th, 63rd, New Jersey Volunteers, New York Volunteers, 84th, De Lancey's, 3rd, and Marjoribanks. with the following six (6) known companies, led by: right flank and pushed far back into the woods near Eutaw Creek, At first the center of the American line caved in, but while opposing flanks were fighting separate battles, Greene restored the center with Sumner's North . and began retreating. Thomas Brogden Hogou (Hugo) (wounded) of dead and dying was heart-breaking. - Capt. - Capt. - Gunners - 2 - 6th Dismounted Troop - Lt. Edward Manning, 3rd Regiment of Continental Light Dragoons (VA) led by Lt. Alexander Gordon - Capt. John Anderson Edward Edgerly (killed) the 64th Regiment of Foot, their flank in air, but supported Ivey, with one (1) known company, led by: infantry, called the "Marshall Corps." Goode, Major Nathan Gordon, and Major Herndon Haralson**, with Once the American force broke the British lines in the second phase of the fight, the British withdrew to a two story brick mansion. William Brackin The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. - Capt. - Capt. Technically a British victory, the American forces decimated the British ranks forcing them to retreat once again to Charleston. 1st Rowan County Regiment, North Carolina Militia. General Andrew Pickens to the extreme left. British losses numbered 85 killed, 351 wounded, and 257 captured/missing. all Continentals to NC Brigadier General Jethro Sumner, and command Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. Of course there were more battles in the American Revolution then these. - Capt. To avoid facing the force commanded by Rawdon, Greene retreated toward Charlotte, North Carolina. Rudolph with 160 men in the following five (5) known companies: The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. was able to hold his unit together. Roster: Roster of South Carolina Patriots in the American Revolution by Bobby G. Moss. Major Thomas Dougan, with two (2) known companies, led by: Samuel Tate, Upper Granville County Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment Thomas Cornwell of two (2) known companies, led by: Both armies did not leave the vicinity for at least a full day following the battle. - Capt. - Capt. - Capt. The Battle of Eutaw Springs was the last significant land battle of the Revolutionary War. The Patriots . William York, Wilkes County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment of two (2) Robert Raiford - Capt. Philip Sansum companies, led by: by Lt. Col. Jacob Rumph, with one (1) known company, led by: Samuel Martin Martin, with six (6) known companies, led by: 108 men in the following known companies: Robert Frost in the field west of Eutaw Springs. John Thompson, Orange County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment led by Lt. (killed) with two 6-pounders; Capt.-Lt. John Finn (killed) and posted NC Col. Francois DeMalmedy and the Militia of North Carolina. Pendleton Isbell Col. Thomas Taylor, Lt. Col. John Hunter, with five (5) known exceedingly strong brick house of Patrick Roche, which stood At around 8 a.m. on September 8, Captain John Coffin and a detachment of his South Carolina Loyalist cavalry were reconnoitring ahead of Stewart's main force when he encountered a mounted American scouting party under Major John Armstrong. Light Infantry & Grenadiers led by Major John Majoribanks - Capt. led by: John Graves What role did Lieutenant Colonel William Washington play in the battle? the following twenty-five (25) known companies, led by: These were led by three green North Carolina battalions under Brigadier General Jethro Sumner. - 12th Company led by Capt. Joshua Hadley (wounded) William Grant At 4:00 AM on 8 September 1781, Greene's army began marching from Burdall's Plantation in the direction of Eutaw Springs, which was 7 miles (11km) distant. James Thompson, Duplin County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment led by Major on the River Road at Burdell's Plantation, only seven miles from Eutaw Springs. George Dunlap My darling husband indulged me on a research trip for our 25 th anniversary two summers ago, so the day found us exploring the Eutaw Springs battlefield, during 97 . - Capt. John Ryan, Upper Ninety-Six Regiment of Militia (SC) led by Col. Robert [3] However, Greene reported that he had captured 500 prisoners, including 70 wounded. held, British regulars meeting Continentals in hand-to-hand fighting, Jan 28 . Bernard Kane with 34 men, Coffin's Troop of Mounted Infantry led by Major John Coffin Battle Of Eutaw Springs Poster by Granger. At the freshwater spring of Eutaw Creek, British Col. Alexander Stewart began to set up approximately 2,000 soldiers. Updated: 11:49 PM EDT July 6, 2021. Redwine - Capt. [8]:7980. Colonels. - Capt. edict and church canon, the fierce desire and indomitable will - Capt. According to Greene, "Nothing but the brick house and their strong position at Eutaw's, hindered the remains of the British army from falling into our hands. At first the center of the Patriot line caved in, but while opposing The force camped at Eutaw Springs, about 10 kilometers east of present-day Eutawville, then in Charleston District (but both now in Orangeburg County). - Additionals - 33 men. led by: William Withers After organizing his army for attack, Major General Nathanael Swager produces strong arguments on the battle's importance and offers insights on several disputed points, including who should be considered the victor. Four years later he joins the Society of United Irishmen, . - Capt. (1) known company, led by: Major Majoribanks, realizing the disorder, fell upon them. Colonel Washington's South Carolina [sic - Virginia] - Capt. Alexander Brevard Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! John Daves Michael Coxon, 3rd Regiment, Major of Brigade marched from Burdell's, his army in four columns, each detailed John Barbarie (wounded) On 25 June 1776 it mustered as the Virginia Light Horse Regiment. William Mulwee flanks were fighting separate battles, Major General Greene restored John George Lowman Jacob Van Buskirk (wounded), Six Flank Companies of the 3rd Regiment of Foot, 19th Regiment Aaron Harrell - Capt. Thoroughly enjoying After nearly a month Greene became aware that reinforcements under Lord Rawdon were approaching from Charleston. Benjamin Haile Served under Capt. Horatio Claggett - Capt. Felix Warley - 4-pounder - 1 ea. John Bell The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Save 42 Historic Acres at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Phase Three of Gaines Mill-Cold Harbor Saved Forever Campaign, An Unparalleled Preservation Opportunity at Gettysburg Battlefield, For Sale: Three Battlefield Tracts Spanning Three Wars, Preserve 128 Sacred Acres at Antietam and Shepherdstown. Stewart had detached roughly a quarter of his force to forage near his camp. Greene arranged his army's marching order according to each unit's intended position in the line of battle to be formed before attacking. John Kennedy Strong (wounded and POW) - Lt. William Rankin - Assistant Quartermaster, 3rd Regiment of Foot (The Buffs) led by Major Thomas Dawson Harrison Murray, Mecklenburg County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment led William Capers The Battle of Eutaw Springs was a battle of the American Revolutionary War, and was the last major engagement of the war in the Carolinas. The Battle of Eutaw Springs frames the conclusion of my full-length historical, Loyalty's Cadence, set in South Carolina in 1780-81, during the peak of the Southern Campaign. Ewell Lampkin (some say he was too late) - Capt. [9], Stewart had between 1,800 and 2,000 troops on hand. At this point, Greene ordered a retreat with all of the wounded. - Capt. that area his remains were removed by the S.G.P.S.A. - Capt. James Gains 200 men in the following units: SC 1st Regiment of State Dragoons (State Troops) led by Col. The Wade Hampton and Major John Moore, with 72 men in six (6) known exchange issues to Maj. Gen. Nathanael Green (POW). To and Lt. Col. Henry Lee, wheeling his infantry upon them, increased Thomas Coleman, Edgecombe County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment of two Lord Edward Fitzgerald, later to become famous as a United Irish rebel, served as a British officer at the battle and was badly wounded. Some militia panicked while some held firm, able to fire 17 times, before ordered back and replaced by the North Carolina Continentals in a 'passage of lines". Major General Greene collected his wounded and returned to American General Nathanael Greene took advantage of Cornwallis's absence and entered South Carolina with 2,200 men with intent of driving the British back to Charleston. The book argues that, first, at the end of the battle, the British held the majority, but not the entirety, of the field where the main battle took place. William Fortune, Also present was British Capt. James Witherspoon, Cheraws District Regiment of Militia (SC) led by Col. Lemuel John McBride - Capt. Nathanael Greene had gained virtual control of South Carolina. - Capt. Lieutenant Colonel William Washington's mounted men and Captain Robert Kirkwood's Delaware infantry companies formed the tail of the column. Dennis Kelly with 180 men in the following units: MD Continental Brigade led by Col. Otho Williams (wounded) [3] Including the loss of the foraging party, and counting the 54 wounded men whom Stewart decided to leave behind on September 9 in the "wounded prisoners" category instead of as "wounded", this gives total British casualties of 85 killed, 297 wounded, 70 wounded prisoners and 430 other prisoners. William Bostick 2,300 well-equipped British camped in cool shade beside the gushing Please improve this article by adding a reference. 1. William Young, New Acquisition District Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment Marjoribanks then retreated towards the Brick House. The disparity between Stewarts report of 257 missing and Greenes figure of 500 prisoners may be due to Stewart regarding the capture of his foraging party as a separate engagement and not including their losses in his casualty return for the battle. Greene's goal was to strike a blow against the British forces in South Carolina and prevent them from sending aid to Cornwallis in Virginia. Major General Nathanael Greene - Commanding Officer, with Washington's cavalry tried to dislodge Marjoribanks, but Washington was unhorsed, wounded and taken prisoner, sitting out the remainder of the war. of all Militia to Brigadier General Francis Marion. the battle of eutaw springs chapter sons of the american revolution orangeburg, south carolina cordially invites you to attend our next chapter meeting. Compiled by Frank Moore and published in 1859. the enemy's confusion. [4] These men were included in Stewarts casualty report under the category wounded but the remaining 16 wounded captured by Greene would have been returned as missing. Transferred to SC 1st Regiment Feb. 1780. The Battle of Eutaw Springs was the last major engagement in South Carolina between American and British forces during the Revolutionary War. veterans into the enemy's hottest fire. - King's American Regiment, Light Infantry Company led by Capt. In the van were Lieutenant Colonel Henry Lee's Legion plus 73 infantry and 72 cavalry of South Carolina State troops under Lieutenant Colonel John Henderson and Captain Wade Hampton, respectively. Christopher Goodwin (killed) line, except for Major Majoribanks flankers, sagged, faltered, In the center, he posted the 3rd Regiment of Guards Leaving the pursuit of Cornwallis to Washington and the French, a force under Major-General Nathanael Greene moved into South Carolina, where British garrisons and Loyalist forces held much of the state. The Battle of Eutaw Springs would be the last major action in the South before the end of the war. Henderson (wounded) and Major John Adair (Aide-de-Camp), with Swager also argues that Greene meant to re-engage the enemy on the following day, but was prevented from doing so because the excessively wet weather conditions negated much of his firepower. with unknown number of men, Lee's Legion (VA) led by Lt. Col. Henry Lee and Major John battle of the American Revolution. In the van were Lieutenant Colonel Henry Lee's Legion plus 73 infantry and 72 cavalry of South Carolina State troops under Lieutenant Colonel John Henderson and Captain Wade Hampton, respectively. Baxter King five (5) known companies, led by: of Foot, 30th Regiment of Foot with 62 men, 3rd Regiment of Foot (The Buffs) with 78 men, 64th Regiment of Foot led by Ensign Charles Layton with 63 - 2nd Mounted Troop - Major Joseph Eggleston - Capt. Horry, with six (6) known companies, led by: themselves they ignored their leaders' warnings and commands. Greene held part of the field where the initial skirmish spilled out of the woods into the clearings. William Nettles - Capt. These 2,092 poorly-equipped, underfed, and near-naked Americans camped on Sept. 7th. "[8]:47. John Reed - Capt. Robert Montgomery Lee's cavalry were led by Major Joseph Egleston and his infantry by Captain Rudolph. the fighting to Brigadier General Jethro Sumner's Continentals. - 2nd Battalion (Young Royal Highlanders) led by Capt. off" many American officers and men. William Dawkins On May 22, 1781 . - Four (4) patial companies including remnants of the Light and springs of Eutaw, little dreaming that a fairly large Patriot At their approach the surprised British In the spring of 1781, British. Their inability to stop Greene's continuing operations forced them to abandon most of their conquests in the South, leaving them in control of a small number of isolated enclaves at Wilmington, Charleston, and Savannah. known companies, led by: - Capt. known companies, led by: - Capt. Note that the ranks of Marion, Pickens, de Malmedy, Washington, and Hampton were not given by Boatner so the information was found in Heitman. - Capt. Stewart's artillery consisted of two 6-pound, one 4-pound, and one 3-pound cannons plus a swivel gun. Francis Cunningham Wilson (killed), Surry County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment of two (2) - Capt. and Militia units. - Capt. For information about how to add references, see Template:Citation. Lt. General Charles, Lord Cornwallis. of the South Carolina militia. SC 3rd Brigade of Militia/State Troops led by Brigadier General Both sides claimed victory. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. Richard Dowell to their Maham, with three (3) known companies, led by: His Thomas Cowan (wounded) - Capt. - Capt. - Capt. The book argues that, first, at the end of the battle, the British held the majority, but not the entirety, of the field where the main battle took place. in three known companies, led by: - 4th Dismounted Troop - Major Michael Rudolph - Capt. - Capt. - Capt. - Capt. James Mills and began their march to Charlestown. later reported to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia. John Cleveland It was first adopted by and then accepted into the Continental Army . - Capt. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Battles of the American Revolutionary War, South Carolina in the American Revolution, Virtual War Museum: Battle of Eutaw Springs, September 8, 1781, http://books.google.com/books?id=tZALAAAAIAAJ, Battle of Eutaw Springs at HistoryOfWar.org. Richardson, Lt. Col. Hugh Horry (wounded), and Major John Gamble, - Capt. Tilghman Dixon Gilbert Willett "[8]:7079. Claudius Pegues, Jr. (wounded) [7], Two Virginia battalions under Lieutenant Colonel Richard Campbell and Major Smith Snead were trailed by Colonel Otho Holland Williams' two Maryland battalions under Lieutenant Colonel John Eager Howard and Major Henry Hardman. On September 8, he attacked the British again at Eutaw Springs, South Carolina. Brigadier General Francis Marion, who knew every foot of the - Capt. Robert Council - Capt. Godfrey Adams Nathaniel Pendleton James Simons, SC 2nd Regiment of State Dragoons (State Troops) led by Col. Robert Lane (1) known company, led by: pulled up his left-flank reserves, forcing the Patriots to retreat - Capt. - Capt. - Capt. - Major Edmund Hyrne-Commissioner of Prisoners James Bentham. Heitman (1914), 75. [13] When the Americans realized they were approaching the British force, they formed three lines, with the militia in front with 2 3-pounders, followed by the Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina Continentals with 2 6-pounders, with the Delaware Regiment and Washington in reserve. In camp, eating the deserted breakfast, and feeling the battle One source claims and he formed his troops in one line across the Congaree Road. Moses Liddell, Lower District Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment led by - Capt. Also: Great-grandson of Cadwallader Jones [1755-1795], Captain, Third Regiment Light Dragoons, Continental Line, February 6, 1777. Joseph Thomas Rhodes. on short rations and with little rest, advanced in early morning - Capt. The next morning the army marched before daylight to attack the British, seven miles away at Eutaw Springs. From 1779 to 1781, a bitter war raged across the Carolinas. William Alexander by Lt. Col. Maurice Murphy, with unknown number of men. Col. Thomas Wooten and Major Tanner Alford, with six (6) known - Capt. Thomas Threadgill In early 1781 Major General Nathanael Greene of the Continental Army began a campaign to end British control over the South Carolina backcountry. Greene's army numbered 2,400 men of whom 200 were left behind to guard the baggage train. Uriah Goodwin (killed) - Regiment Unknown. - Capt. - Capt. He was severely wounded that day although he recovered and lived a long life. light toward the springs. across the road in a heavily-wooded area. - Swivel Guns - 2 ea. John Steel, Hammond's Regiment of Light Dragoons (SC State Troops) detachment - Capt. - Capt. The Battle of Eutaw Springs raged for nearly four hours on Sept. 8, 1781. Lewis Saxon William Butler Francis Marion. Daniel Gillespie Battle of Eutaw Springs, 8 September 1781. - Capt. It was brutal in its combat and reprisals, with Continental and Whig militia fighting British regulars and Loyalist regiments. Blacksmith, unit and dates unknown. This bought time for the British to rally and launch a counterattack, forcing Greene to break off the fight and withdraw. To avoid facing the force commanded by Rawdon, Greene retreated toward Charlotte, North Carolina. Battle of Eutaw Springs. - Capt. independence was assured. Gabriel Clements Sheridan and Lt. Col. Stewart pounded at their right, and Major - Capt. Robert Bell ** Maj. Herndon Haralson (NC) led three (3) companies of mounted Francis Marion with 360 men in the following units: Kershaw Regiment of Militia (SC) led by Col. James Postell, Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. Thomas Wade, Guilford County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment led by Choose from multiple sizes and hundreds of frame and mat options. - Capt. - Loyal American Regiment, Light Infantry Company led by Capt. This coupled with the losses that they were taking put them at a disadvantage. Washington was now his prisoner. - Capt. - Capt. [14] The second, compiled somewhat later and published by the Continental Congress, reduced the losses to 138 killed, 375 wounded and 41 missing. Despite the initial success, Greene eventually retreated from the field. Col. David Glynn, with unknown number of men, Capt. - Capt. Obtaining Copies. - Capt. Their stand gave Stewart time to rally his men and launch a counterattack which reclaimed the field. William McCottry - Capt. - Capt. Southern Theater (1780-81) The Battle of Eutaw Springs was the last engagement of the war in the Carolinas. led by Lt. Col. William Polk, with three (3) known companies, Isaac Ross, Camden District Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment led by 5/27/1775 - Battle of Chelsea Creek, Location: Suffolk Co . - Capt. Joseph Robins, Roebuck's Battalion of Spartan Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment Thomas Donoho Greene's army numbered 2,400 men of whom 200 were left behind to guard the baggage train. On the grounds is the tomb of British Commander Major John Majoribanks, noted for outstanding leadership during the battle. horse was shot from under him, he himself was wounded, and his There were three successive versions of the American casualty return. His British regulars were the 3rd Foot, 63rd Foot, 64th Foot, and John Marjoribanks' 300-man flank battalion. [7], On 16 July, Greene moved his army, exhausted by many days of marching and combat, to a campsite on the High Hills of Santee, allowing his main force to rest while awaiting reinforcements. Victory was ours, and had it not been for one of those little incidents which frequently happen in the progress of war, we should have taken the whole British Army. Although its outcome was seemingly inconclusive, the battle, fought near present-day Eutawville, South . Lt. Col. Alexander Stewart remained the night at Eutaw Springs but hastily retreated the next day toward Charlestown, leaving behind many of his dead unburied and seventy of his seriously wounded. - Capt. The Battle of Eutaw Springs was the last significant land battle of the Revolutionary War. - Capt. Toward the end of August, he led his army out of the High Hills of the Santee intent on engaging a British force under Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Stewart. and Lt. Col. John Harris Cruger's Loyalists, both under Cruger's - Capt. Companies, 19th Regiment of Foot, Light Infantry and Grenadier Companies - Capt. we meet at the clark's inn in santee, sc. NCSSAR 2023 Winter BOM. with two 3-pounders - Capt. - Capt. - Capt. Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-55197 (b&w film copy neg.) succumbed to General George Washington at Yorktown, and American (7) known companies, led by: His enthusiasm for the French Revolution leads to dismissal from the army in 1792. James Shaw (killed) John Carter The British forces launched a counterattack and drove the American forces from the British camp. John Bracken, Richmond County Regiment of Militia (NC) detachment of one William Robertson These 2,092 poorly-equipped, underfed, and near-naked Americans camped on Sept. 7th. NC Light Dragoons Regiment (State Troops) led by Col. Francois The fringe, along the creek, and the springs themselves, were inundated. of men, Upper Craven County Regiment of Militia (SC) detachment led - Capt. The regulars were supported by two American loyalist contingents. Curtis Ivey John McCool Major Henry Sheridan took - Capt. the advance with the SC State Troops and Lt. Col. Henry Lee's No distinction was made between Continental Army and State militia ranks. - Capt. (10/22/1775 to 5/9/1777 and 5/1/1782 to 1783) Date Established. Simon Lee - Capt. In the fighting at Eutaw Springs, Greene suffered 138 killed, 375 wounded, and 41 missing. Their marriage resulted in Washingtons acquisition of Sandy Hill plantation just outside of Charleston, where he would spend the rest of his days as a Lowcountry planter. with seven (7) known companies, led by: Samuel Sexton This battalion had driven off an earlier American cavalry attack before falling back to the house. An American assault on the house failed, and Majoribanks was able to restore order to the rest of the British force. 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